nonrenewable energy sources-useing these resources much faster than they can be produced and the amount of these materials is finite
Renewable energy sources- replenish themselves or are continuously present as a feature of the solar system.
resource - is a naturally occurring substance of use to humans
Reserves- are known deposits from which materials can be extracted profitably
surface mining- involves removing the material located on top of a vein of coal
overburden- to get at the coal beneath
black lung disease- a respiratory condition that results from the accumulation of fine coal dust
liquefied natural gas- from the area of production to an area of demand
biomass- fulfilled almost all of humankind's energy needs prior to the industrial revolution
fuelwood- in less developed countries wood has been the major source of fuel for centuries
solid waste- solid waste is a major source of biomass and other burnable materials produced by society
cro residues and animal wastes- the materials that are left following the harvest of crops can be used for biomassfuels
energy plantations- many crops can be frown for the express purpose of energy production
direct combustion- the most common way that biomass and waste are used for energy production in by burning them
air pollution- burning wood is a source of air pollution
habitat and biodiversity loss- it is estimated that throughout the world there are 1.3 billion people who cannot obtain enough wood
carbon dioxide and global warming- a consenus exists among scientist that biomass fuels and waste used in a sustainable manner result in no net increase
effects on food production- although the use of marginal or underutilized land to grow energy crops may make sense using fertile cropland does not
passive solar system- light energy is transformed to heat energy when it is absorbed by a surface
active solar system- requires a solar collector a pump and a system of popes to transfer the heat from the site of production to the area to be heated
solar furnace- uses mirrors to focus the light at a certain point that raises the temperature and allows for the production of steam
photocoltaics- are solid state semiconductor devices that convert light directly into electricity